土高压三轴仪数据采集和处理系统的改进     

赵凌  陈涛 《岩土力学》1995,16(3):89-95

较详细介绍了土高压三轴仪数据采集和处理系统的改进，新编测量软件的功能、特点。改进后该设备系统在恢复、扩大仪器功能和实验自动化方面得到进一步的完善。  相似文献   

上海市地下水应急水源地规划战略研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张月萍  刘金宝  俞俊英 《地下水》2011,(4):28-29,40

在综合调查分析城市经济发展、城市供水现状及存在的供水隐患等基础上,结合地理位置、城市规划功能区和发展方向,圈定了大型、中型地下水应急水源地数量及布局,结合地下水环境容量评价成果制订了应急开采方案,并对各水源地应急开采方案条件下可能引发的环境地质问题进行了预测评估,为城市应急水源地建设提供了决策依据。  相似文献   

倾斜影像的三维纹理快速重建   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

张春森  张卫龙  郭丙轩  刘健辰  李明 《测绘学报》2015,44(7):782-790

针对三维城市模型重建,提出了一种利用倾斜影像实现城市模型纹理快速重建的方法。该方法基于摄影测量计算机视觉理论,在事先处理得到城市建筑物数字表面模型的基础上,利用共线方程计算物方与像方的几何投影关系,获得建筑物的三维信息与纹理信息。通过一定的最优算法选择出地物面的理想纹理,实现城市建筑物纹理的自动提取及稠密建筑物纹理的遮挡处理。真实影像纹理重建的结果表明:应用本文方法进行三维城市模型纹理重建具有自动化程度高、效果逼真、成本低的特点,为快速、大面积的城市真三维模型纹理重建提供了一种有效的实现途径。  相似文献   

Leveraging farmers’ strategies for coping with stress: Seed aid in Ethiopia     

Shawn J. McGuire  Louise Sperling 《Global Environmental Change》2008,18(4):679

Interventions to reduce farmers’ vulnerability to crises rarely build on existing coping strategies. Emergency seed aid offers a unique opportunity to examine links between different types of interventions and local coping mechanisms, as such relief has been abundant and long-term. This study focuses on farmers’ use and assessment of crisis assistance within Ethiopia, where seed aid delivery dates back at least 34 years. Farmers’ abilities to strategize and negotiate inter-/intra-seasonal variability are not being addressed by current supply-driven approaches. Lessons derived from seed aid give insights toward more effective practice for programs aiming to bolster farmers’ resilience in high-stress and uncertain contexts.  相似文献   

电磁勘探数据粗大误差处理的一种新方法          下载免费PDF全文

张必明  蒋奇云  莫丹  肖龙英 《地球物理学报》2015,58(6):2087-2102

由于存在各种地电干扰,电磁法勘探采集到的原始电场数据中往往包含粗大误差.电磁法勘探中信号量的测量与传统的精密测量在误差来源与特点、测量值分布等方面均存在较大差异.经试验,对电磁勘探采集到的原始电场数据采用传统的莱伊达、格拉布斯、狄克逊等准则进行粗大误差的自动判别和剔除,处理效果不好;采用Robust估计和中值滤波方法,也不能达到满意的效果;采用手工方式挑拣剔除粗大误差,处理效率太低,均不能满足电磁勘探数据预处理的要求.作者提出了一种自适应双向均方差阈值法实现电磁勘探数据粗大误差的自动判别和剔除,此方法对采集到的原始电场数据样本进行排序后,采用迭代或递归的方式,每次均以中点为界分别计算前后两部分数据的均方差,将较大的一个与预先设置的均方差阈值进行比较,若其大于阈值,则判断粗大误差存在于相应的一端,进而剔除相应端端点位置的数据点;若前后均方差值都小于阈值或样本数量小于3个时算法结束.此方法具有自适应优化、阈值参数化控制、适应小样本数据以及计算简单效率高等特点.大量实验结果表明:在选取均方差阈值在30至90范围内时(经验值),能够有效地剔除电磁勘探原始电场数据中的粗大误差,保留最可信数据.目前已在多个实际勘探生产项目中应用此方法处理粗大误差,取得了令人满意的处理效果.  相似文献   

省域地震应急联动协同的工作平台研究     

蒋小杰  方盛举 《震灾防御技术》2012,7(3):303-312

联动应急的工作平台建设是应急处置的一项基础性工作,包括联动应急的指挥平台和信息平台。指挥平台应坚持以应急管理流程为主线来设计,其主要内容包括各类支援平台、相关的数据库、管理指挥中心、各种保障体系等,其实现方式和途径可以设计为多维交互网络模型。联动应急信息平台的建设可从信息接入系统、信息服务系统以及信息交换平台、视讯展示平台等方面进行。  相似文献   

西藏高海拔地区地震现场应急探讨     

郭春明 《高原地震》2014,(1):46-48

介绍了高海拔对人体的主要影响,强调在高海拔地区开展地震应急工作应注意的事项以及应急装备的要求,对进入藏区顺利开展地震应急工作面临的问题和困难提出了相应的对策。  相似文献   

Emergency water supply capacity analysis of major cities in Hebei     

CUI Qiu-ping  LIU Zhi-gang  LIU Li-jun  ZHANG Shao-cai  CHEN Yun-qian 《地下水科学与工程》2014,2(4):76-86

In order to prevent the catastrophic events such as extreme drought, continuous drought and source-water quality pollution, 15 groundwater emergency water sources are to be selected in 11 important cities in Hebei, and the evaluation of allowable emergency exploitation quantity is 180.19×104 m3/d. Under the current conditions, the water supply quantity of emergency water sources and the total emergency water supply quantity will meet the emergency water demand with the guarantee rate of 65.79% to 377.78% and 90.35% to 270.51% respectively. By 2020, the water supply quantity of emergency water source places and the total emergency water supply quantity will meet the emergency water demand with the guarantee rate of 22.08% to 74.49% and 82.65% to 144.08% in the benefited areas of South-to-North water diversion (SNWDP); and for non-SNWDP areas, the guarantee rate will be 74.64% to 337.78% and 74.64% to 377.78%.  相似文献   

应急通信技术在人工地震爆破现场的应用     

吴楠楠  王启东  洪惠群  肖健  王旭 《华南地震》2014,(2):87-90

对"福建省地震构造人工地震爆破观测"项目中跨越海峡人工爆破科学实验的现场夜间实时通信任务面临的困难进行了研究,针对这些困难提出了人工地震爆破现场应急通信解决方案,并通过实际运用检验了方案的可行性,为地震现场全天候的灾情收集能力做出了尝试。  相似文献   

Accidental spills at sea - Risk, impact, mitigation and the need for co-ordinated post-incident monitoring     

Mark F. Kirby  Robin J. Law 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(6):797-9297

A fully integrated and effective response to an oil or chemical spill at sea must include a well planned and executed post-incident assessment of environmental contamination and damage. While salvage, rescue and clean-up operations are generally well considered, including reviews and exercises, the expertise, resources, networks and logistical planning required to achieve prompt and effective post-spill impact assessment and monitoring are not generally well established.The arrangement and co-ordination of post-incident monitoring and impact assessment need to consider sampling design, biological effects, chemical analysis and collection/interpretation of expert local knowledge. This paper discusses the risks, impacts and mitigation options associated with accidental spills and considers the importance of pre-considered impact assessment and monitoring programmes in the wider response cycle. The PREMIAM (Pollution Response in Emergencies: Marine Impact Assessment and Monitoring; www.premiam.org) project is considered as an example of an improved approach to the planning, co-ordination and conduct of post-incident monitoring.  相似文献